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Application focus: High-performance grinding wheel and reduction in grinding cost
Issue date:15/07/2010
Chinamac Journal (CMJ) - Jul 2010 Issue
Source:Chinamac Journal
何俊 聖戈班固結磨具產品經理
對於那些想在磨削加工領域保持領先地位的企業,持續推出高磨削效率、長使用壽命的產品顯得尤為重要,而高性能砂輪在幫助降低綜合磨削成本方面的優勢,已被應用實踐所驗證。
表1 NQ砂輪的主要應用領域
表1 NQ砂輪的主要應用領域
全球金融危機對制造業者帶來很大衝擊,這也促使不少企業痛定思痛,日漸關注成本優化的重要性。當然,單純地向供應商壓價決不是謀求長遠發展的有效途徑。對於那些想在磨削加工領域保持領先地位的企業,持續推出高磨削效率、長使用壽命的產品顯得尤為重要,這樣才能真正幫助用戶方降低綜合磨削成本。

聖戈班磨料磨具NORTON QUANTUM(以下簡稱NQ)陶瓷剛玉砂輪正是在這樣的背景之下推出的,自該產品於2009年4月在中國巿場推出之後,在眾多應用領域(參見表1)如鋼鐵行業的軋輥磨削,軸承的內孔和溝道磨削以及汽車零部件行業的凸輪軸磨削上展示出優異性能。

砂輪在軸承外圈溝道磨削上的應用案例
砂輪用戶:江蘇省某軸承廠,為汽車制造配套
面臨課題:需要大幅提高軸承產能

江蘇某軸承廠為汽車配套軸承,汽車產量的大幅提升令其軸承供不應求。於是,該公司面臨的課題是:究竟是再購入一批磨床還是採用其他辦法來克服產能不足的困難?而磨床的增置也就意味著廠房設施的擴容,同時需要新招聘一批員工來操作這些磨床,確實是筆不小的投資。

一種另闢蹊徑的做法是,通過選用更好的砂輪,使當前的生產效率提高一倍,也能達成同樣的擴產目的,而無需巨額的投資。NQ砂輪便以其獨特的磨料性能走入了這家軸承廠的視野,而應用實踐驗証,該砂輪在溝道磨削中相比普通白剛玉或單晶剛玉砂輪能提高進給量50%以上,使用壽命可提高3倍之多。

以下列出了NQ砂輪在該軸承廠的試驗情況。

NQ砂輪實驗情況概要
NQ砂輪採用聖戈班最新一代陶瓷磨料製作而成,與其上一代陶瓷磨料SG的不同之處在於,其磨料顆粒具有鋒利外形,並且在引晶技術和燒結工藝上也有改變,使之在低磨削力的情況下具有較好的破碎性和切削性,可達到單位時間內金屬磨除量提高30%-50%的效果,並且同其他陶瓷磨料(如SG)相比,修整間隔可以延長33%-100%。

‧磨削工序:外圈內溝道磨削
‧工件材質:GCr15, HRc58-62
‧工件粗糙度要求:Ra0.4
工件圓度要求:3-7μm
‧砂輪型號:現用某砂輪廠牌號60*12*10 WA100-KV;聖戈班NQ砂輪 60*12*10 1NQS100-K8VS

實驗總結:原砂輪每磨1個工件修整一次,NQ砂輪每磨5個工件修整一次,磨削效率提高近1倍,砂輪壽命也延長至少3倍。


表2 某鋼廠使用NQ砂輪的試驗結果


針對鋼廠磨輥車間的應用案例
砂輪用戶:某鋼廠磨輥車間
面臨課題:需要大幅提高磨輥車間產能

該廠磨輥車間原使用的砂輪型號為915*100*304.8 39C36-LB,磨1根輥子需要50多分鐘。由於鋼產量增加,磨輥車間的生產量達到飽和,新買1臺磨床交貨期需要10個月,而且還涉及到安裝調試和操作工培訓等工作。鑒於當前巿場諸多不確定因素的存在,固定資產的投資也頗為謹慎,為此,客戶提出只要砂輪能夠提高30%的效率,砂輪價格即使提高50%亦可接受。

這傢鋼廠最終選用了聖戈班NQ砂輪(型號:915*100*304.8 3NQG36L/MB),使用結果為:在相同的磨削參數情況下(見表2),砂輪使用壽命提高55%,進給量也得到改進——特別是粗磨和精磨#1兩道工序都提高了60%的進給,磨1根輥子的時間縮短為35分鐘,效率提高了30%,同時壽命延長了25%。

某鋼廠磨輥車間


磨輥車間方面對使用效果相當滿意,將所有砂輪都換成NQ的型號。因為,磨削成本本身就降了20%,還不計入節省下來的相關投資。

結論
如果只是簡單地評估砂輪的採購成本,上述NQ砂輪的單價比現有的國產砂輪貴好幾倍,其帶來的壽命的提高也不過是差不多相同的倍數,直接磨削成本好象並沒有降低。但是,一旦深入考核綜合磨削成本,其意義就不同了。

首先是生產效率的提高,解決了產能瓶頸,能節省大筆的設備投資;其次,原來是每磨1件修整一次砂輪,修整輔助工時長,檢測的工作量也大,而現在磨5件修整一次,在確保產品尺寸更具穩定性的同時,還減少了檢測的頻次,同時降低了尺寸超差產生廢品的幾率;減少修整也就意味著修整工具(金剛筆)的消耗降低,這也能節省可觀的開支。上述都是綜合成本的反映,從這一角度考察,方能真實反應企業整體的加工水平。 ■
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